Proteomics provides a better understanding of cells by elucidating the structure, function, and interactions of proteins. The one gene–one enzyme concept of Beadle and Tatum provided an important tool necessary for
the analysis of proteins by creating a mutant protein and then comparing its properties with that of the wild-type protein. This method of Beadle and Tatum and the method of Edman degradation have become standard
tools for deciphering the structure and function of proteins until the coming of genomics and the high-throughput methods of mass spectrometry and
bioinformatics